Worked on semantics

compiler.py

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 
 from enum import Enum
 import math
-from typing import ClassVar, Sequence
+from typing import Any, Callable, ClassVar, Iterable, Sequence
 from textwrap import indent
 
 
@@ -508,16 +508,20 @@ class Expression:
 class LiteralExpression(Expression):
 
     _file_info: FileInfo
-    _value: NumberLiteral | Punctuation
+    _value: NumberLiteral | Punctuation | Identifier
 
     def __init__(
         self,
         file_info: FileInfo,
-        value: NumberLiteral | Punctuation,
+        value: NumberLiteral | Punctuation | Identifier,
     ):
         self._file_info = file_info
         self._value = value
 
+    @property
+    def value(self) -> NumberLiteral | Punctuation | Identifier:
+        return self._value
+
     def has_pi(self) -> bool: return self._value.value == 'π'
 
     def tree_str(self, pre: str = "", pre_cont: str = "") -> str:
@@ -546,6 +550,12 @@ class UnaryExpression(Expression):
         self._expression = expression
         self._operator = operator
 
+    @property
+    def expression(self) -> Expression: return self._expression
+
+    @property
+    def operator(self) -> UnaryOperator: return self._operator
+
     def has_pi(self) -> bool: return self._expression.has_pi()
 
     def tree_str(self, pre: str = "", pre_cont: str = "") -> str:
@@ -583,6 +593,15 @@ class BinaryExpression(Expression):
         self._expression2 = expression2
         self._operator = operator
 
+    @property
+    def expression1(self) -> Expression: return self._expression1
+
+    @property
+    def expression2(self) -> Expression: return self._expression2
+
+    @property
+    def operator(self) -> BinaryOperator: return self._operator
+
     def has_pi(self) -> bool:
         return self._expression1.has_pi() or self._expression2.has_pi()
 
@@ -626,6 +645,12 @@ class FunctionCall(Expression):
         self._identifier = identifier
         self._arguments = arguments
 
+    @property
+    def identifier(self) -> Identifier: return self._identifier
+
+    @property
+    def arguments(self) -> list[Expression]: return self._arguments[:]
+
     def tree_str(self, pre: str = "", pre_cont: str = "") -> str:
         s: str = f"{pre} Function Call ({self._identifier.value})\n"
         for arg in self._arguments[:-1]:
@@ -653,6 +678,12 @@ class Constant:
     @property
     def file_info(self) -> FileInfo: return self._file_info
 
+    @property
+    def identifier(self) -> Identifier: return self._identifier
+
+    @property
+    def expression(self) -> Expression: return self._expression
+
     def tree_str(self, pre: str = "", pre_cont: str = "") -> str:
         s: str = f"{pre} Constant ({self._identifier.value})\n"
         s += self._expression.tree_str(f"{pre_cont}└─", f"{pre_cont}  ")
@@ -1687,65 +1718,440 @@ class DuplicateScreen(SemanticError):
         )
 
 
-class ContextOperator(Enum):
+class UndefinedVariableIdentifier(SemanticError):
-    NoOp = "0"
+
-    Identifier = "i"
+    def __init__(self, name: str, file_info: FileInfo):
-    FunctionCall = "f"
+        super().__init__(
-    Negate = "n"
+            f"Undefined Variable {name}.",
-    Factorial = "!"
+            file_info,
-    Exponential = "^"
+        )
-    Division = "/"
+
-    Modulus = "%"
+
-    Multiplication = "*"
+class UndefinedFunctionIdentifier(SemanticError):
-    Subtraction = "-"
+
-    Addition = "+"
+    def __init__(self, name: str, file_info: FileInfo):
+        super().__init__(
+            f"Undefined Function {name}.",
+            file_info,
+        )
+
+
+class DivideByZeroError(SemanticError):
+
+    def __init__(self, file_info: FileInfo, file_info_context: FileInfo):
+        super().__init__(
+            "Cannot divide by zero.",
+            file_info,
+            file_info_context,
+        )
+
+
+class ParameterCountError(SemanticError):
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        name: str,
+        expected: int,
+        found: int,
+        file_info: FileInfo,
+        file_info_context: FileInfo | None,
+    ):
+        super().__init__(
+            f"Function {name} expects {expected} parameters but was given "
+            f"{found} parameters.",
+            file_info,
+            file_info_context,
+        )
+
+
+class FunctionDomainError(SemanticError):
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        arg: int | float,
+        domain: str,
+        file_info: FileInfo,
+        file_info_context: FileInfo,
+    ):
+        super().__init__(
+            f"Argument ({arg}) outside of function domain: {domain}.",
+            file_info,
+            file_info_context,
+        )
+
+
+class UnderDefinedConstantDefinition(SemanticError):
+
+    def __init__(self, file_info: FileInfo, file_info_context: FileInfo | None):
+        super().__init__(
+            "Under-Defined Constant Definition.",
+            file_info,
+            file_info_context,
+        )
+
+
+
+class GraphRuntimeError(CompilerError):
+
+    _compiler_error_type = "Runtime"
+
+
+class UndefinedVariableIdentifierRuntime(GraphRuntimeError):
+
+    def __init__(self, name: str, file_info: FileInfo):
+        super().__init__(
+            f"Undefined Variable {name}.",
+            file_info,
+        )
+
+
+class UndefinedFunctionIdentifierRuntime(GraphRuntimeError):
+
+    def __init__(self, name: str, file_info: FileInfo):
+        super().__init__(
+            f"Undefined Function {name}.",
+            file_info,
+        )
+
+
+class DivideByZeroErrorRuntime(GraphRuntimeError):
+
+    def __init__(self, file_info: FileInfo, file_info_context: FileInfo):
+        super().__init__(
+            "Cannot divide by zero.",
+            file_info,
+            file_info_context,
+        )
+
+
+class ParameterCountErrorRuntime(GraphRuntimeError):
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        name: str,
+        expected: int,
+        found: int,
+        file_info: FileInfo,
+        file_info_context: FileInfo | None,
+    ):
+        super().__init__(
+            f"Function {name} expects {expected} parameters but was given "
+            f"{found} parameters.",
+            file_info,
+            file_info_context,
+        )
+
+
+class FunctionDomainErrorRuntime(GraphRuntimeError):
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        arg: int | float,
+        domain: str,
+        file_info: FileInfo,
+        file_info_context: FileInfo,
+    ):
+        super().__init__(
+            f"Argument ({arg}) outside of function domain: {domain}.",
+            file_info,
+            file_info_context,
+        )
 
 
 class ContextExpression:
 
-    _context: "Context | ContextFunction"
+    _file_info: FileInfo
-    _value: None | int | float
-    _name: None | str
-    _operator: ContextOperator
-    _expressions: "list[ContextExpression]"
 
     @property
-    def value(self) -> int | float:
+    def file_info(self) -> FileInfo: return self._file_info
-        a = 0 if len(self._expressions) > 0 else self._expressions[0].value
+
-        b = 0 if len(self._expressions) > 1 else self._expressions[1].value
+    def value(self, context: "Context") -> int | float:
-        match self._operator:
+        raise RuntimeError
-            case ContextOperator.NoOp:
+
-                return self._value or 0
+    def tree_str(self, pre: str = "", pre_cont: str = "") -> str:
-            case ContextOperator.Identifier:
+        s: str = f"{pre} Context Expression\n"
-                if self._name is not None:
+        return s
-                    return self._context.lookup(self._name)
+
-                else: raise Exception
+
-            case ContextOperator.FunctionCall:
+class ContextLiteral(ContextExpression):
-                if self._name is not None:
+
-                    return self._context.call(self._name, self._expressions)
+    _file_info: FileInfo
-                else: raise Exception
+    _value: str
-            case ContextOperator.Negate:
+
-                if len(self._expressions) > 0:
+    def __init__(
-                    return (0 if self._value is None else -self._value)
+        self,
-                else: return -self._expressions[0].value
+        file_info: FileInfo,
-            case ContextOperator.Factorial:
+        value: str,
-                if len(self._expressions) > 0:
+    ):
-                    if self._value is None: return 1
+        self._file_info = file_info
-                    else: return math.factorial(int(self._value))
+        self._value = value
-                else: return math.factorial(int(self._expressions[0].value))
+
-            case ContextOperator.Exponential:
+    def value(self, context: "Context") -> int | float:
+        if self._value == 'π': return math.pi
+        elif '.' in self._value: return float(self._value)
+        else: return int(self._value)
+
+    def tree_str(self, pre: str = "", pre_cont: str = "") -> str:
+        s: str = f"{pre} Context Literal ({self._value})\n"
+        return s
+
+
+class ContextVariable(ContextExpression):
+
+    _file_info: FileInfo
+    _name: str
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        file_info: FileInfo,
+        name: str,
+    ):
+        self._file_info = file_info
+        self._name = name
+
+    @property
+    def name(self) -> str: return self._name
+
+    def value(self, context: "Context") -> int | float:
+        return context.lookup_var(self)
+
+    def tree_str(self, pre: str = "", pre_cont: str = "") -> str:
+        s: str = f"{pre} Context Variable ({self.name})\n"
+        return s
+
+
+class ContextUnaryExpression(ContextExpression):
+
+    _file_info: FileInfo
+    _expression: ContextExpression
+    _operator: UnaryOperator
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        file_info: FileInfo,
+        expression: ContextExpression,
+        operator: UnaryOperator,
+    ):
+        self._file_info = file_info
+        self._expression = expression
+        self._operator = operator
+
+    @property
+    def expression(self) -> ContextExpression: return self._expression
+
+    @property
+    def operator(self) -> UnaryOperator: return self._operator
+
+    def value(self, context: "Context") -> int | float:
+        match self.operator:
+            case UnaryOperator.Negate:
+                return - self.expression.value(context)
+            case UnaryOperator.Factorial:
+                return math.factorial(
+                    math.floor(self.expression.value(context)))
+
+    def tree_str(self, pre: str = "", pre_cont: str = "") -> str:
+        s: str = f"{pre} Context Unary Expression ({self._operator})\n"
+        s += self._expression.tree_str(f"{pre_cont}└─", f"{pre_cont}  ")
+        return s
+
+
+class ContextBinaryExpression(ContextExpression):
+
+    _file_info: FileInfo
+    _expression1: ContextExpression
+    _expression2: ContextExpression
+    _operator: BinaryOperator
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        file_info: FileInfo,
+        expression1: ContextExpression,
+        expression2: ContextExpression,
+        operator: BinaryOperator,
+    ):
+        self._file_info = file_info
+        self._expression1 = expression1
+        self._expression2 = expression2
+        self._operator = operator
+
+    @property
+    def expression1(self) -> ContextExpression: return self._expression1
+
+    @property
+    def expression2(self) -> ContextExpression: return self._expression2
+
+    @property
+    def operator(self) -> BinaryOperator: return self._operator
+
+    def value(self, context: "Context") -> int | float:
+        a, b = self.expression1.value(context), self.expression2.value(context)
+        match self.operator:
+            case BinaryOperator.Exponential:
                 return a ** b
-            case ContextOperator.Division:
+            case BinaryOperator.Subscript:
+                raise GraphRuntimeError("ERROR", self.file_info)
+            case BinaryOperator.Division:
+                if b == 0:
+                    raise DivideByZeroErrorRuntime(
+                        self.expression2.file_info,
+                        self.file_info,
+                    )
                 return a / b
-            case ContextOperator.Modulus:
+            case BinaryOperator.Modulus:
+                if b == 0:
+                    raise DivideByZeroErrorRuntime(
+                        self.expression2.file_info,
+                        self.file_info,
+                    )
                 return a % b
-            case ContextOperator.Multiplication:
+            case BinaryOperator.Multiplication:
                 return a * b
-            case ContextOperator.Subtraction:
+            case BinaryOperator.Subtraction:
                 return a - b
-            case ContextOperator.Addition:
+            case BinaryOperator.Addition:
                 return a + b
 
+    def tree_str(self, pre: str = "", pre_cont: str = "") -> str:
+        s: str = f"{pre} Context Binary Expression ({self._operator})\n"
+        s += self._expression1.tree_str(f"{pre_cont}├─", f"{pre_cont}│ ")
+        s += self._expression2.tree_str(f"{pre_cont}└─", f"{pre_cont}  ")
+        return s
+
+
+class ContextFunctionDomain:
+
+    _start: int | float
+    _start_inclusive: bool
+    _end: int | float
+    _end_inclusive: bool
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        start: int | float,
+        start_inclusive: bool,
+        end: int | float,
+        end_inclusive: bool,
+    ):
+        self._start = start
+        self._start_inclusive = start_inclusive
+        self._end = end
+        self._end_inclusive = end_inclusive
+
+    def __str__(self) -> str:
+        return (
+            ('[' if self._start_inclusive else '(') +
+            f"{self._start}, {self._end}" +
+            (']' if self._start_inclusive else ')')
+        )
+
+    def __contains__(self, other: int | float):
+        return (
+            (self._start_inclusive and self._start <= other) or
+            ((not self._start_inclusive) and self._start < other) or
+            (self._end_inclusive and self._end >= other) or
+            ((not self._end_inclusive) and self._end > other)
+        )
+
+
+class ContextFunctionCallable:
+
+    _parameters: int
+    _function: Callable
+    _domain: list[ContextFunctionDomain | None]
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        parameters: int,
+        function: Callable,
+        domain: list[ContextFunctionDomain | None] | None = None,
+    ):
+        self._parameters = parameters
+        self._function = function
+        self._domain = domain or []
+
+    @property
+    def parameters(self) -> int: return self._parameters
+
+    def check_domain(self, args: Iterable[int | float]) -> tuple[int, str]:
+        for i, (d, a) in enumerate(zip(self._domain, args)):
+            if d is not None and not (a in d): return i, str(d)
+        return -1, ''
+
+    def __call__(self, *args) -> int | float:
+        return self._function(*args)
+
+
+class ContextFunctionCall(ContextExpression):
+
+    _file_info: FileInfo
+    _identifier: str
+    _identifier_file_info: FileInfo
+    _arguments: list[ContextExpression]
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        file_info: FileInfo,
+        identifier: str,
+        identifier_file_info: FileInfo,
+        arguments: list[ContextExpression],
+    ):
+        self._file_info = file_info
+        self._identifier = identifier
+        self._identifier_file_info = identifier_file_info
+        self._arguments = arguments
+
+    @property
+    def identifier(self) -> str: return self._identifier
+
+    @property
+    def identifier_file_info(self) -> FileInfo:
+        return self._identifier_file_info
+
+    @property
+    def arguments(self) -> list[ContextExpression]: return self._arguments[:]
+
+    def value(self, context: "Context") -> int | float:
+        args = [a.value(context) for a in self._arguments]
+        func = context.lookup_func(self)
+        if len(args) > func.parameters:
+            raise ParameterCountErrorRuntime(
+                self.identifier,
+                func.parameters,
+                len(args),
+                self._arguments[func.parameters].file_info,
+                self.file_info,
+            )
+        elif len(args) < func.parameters:
+            raise ParameterCountErrorRuntime(
+                self.identifier,
+                func.parameters,
+                len(args),
+                self.identifier_file_info,
+                self.file_info,
+            )
+        else:
+            bad_arg, domain = func.check_domain(args)
+            if bad_arg > 0:
+                raise FunctionDomainErrorRuntime(
+                    args[bad_arg],
+                    domain,
+                    self._arguments[bad_arg].file_info,
+                    self.file_info,
+                )
+            return func(*args)
+
+    def tree_str(self, pre: str = "", pre_cont: str = "") -> str:
+        s: str = f"{pre} Context Function Call ({self.identifier})\n"
+        for arg in self._arguments[:-1]:
+            s += arg.tree_str(f"{pre_cont}├─", f"{pre_cont}│ ")
+        s += self._arguments[-1].tree_str(f"{pre_cont}└─", f"{pre_cont}  ")
+        return s
+
+
+
+
+
 
 class ContextFunction:
 
@@ -1757,8 +2163,8 @@ class ContextFunction:
 
     def lookup(self, value: str) -> int | float:
         if value in self._values:
-            return self._values[value].value
+            return self._values[value].value(context)
-        else: return self._context.lookup(value)
+        else: return self._context.lookup_var(value)
 
     def call(self, value: str, args: list[ContextExpression]) -> int | float:
         return self._context.call(value, args)
@@ -1775,45 +2181,43 @@ class ContextAnimation:
     _direction: AnimationDirection
     _reversed: bool
 
-    def __iter__(self): return self
+    def step(self, context: "Context"):
-
-    def __next__(self):
         if self._direction == AnimationDirection.Increase or (
             self._direction == AnimationDirection.Bounce and not self._reversed
         ):
-            self._current += self._step.value
+            self._current += self._step.value(context)
             if self._range_end_inclusive:
-                if self._current > self._range_end.value:
+                if self._current > self._range_end.value(context):
-                    self._current = self._range_start.value
+                    self._current = self._range_start.value(context)
                     if self._direction == AnimationDirection.Bounce:
                         self._reversed = True
                     if not self._range_start_inclusive:
-                        self._current += self._step.value
+                        self._current += self._step.value(context)
             else:
-                if self._current >= self._range_end.value:
+                if self._current >= self._range_end.value(context):
-                    self._current = self._range_start.value
+                    self._current = self._range_start.value(context)
                     if self._direction == AnimationDirection.Bounce:
                         self._reversed = True
                     if not self._range_start_inclusive:
-                        self._current += self._step.value
+                        self._current += self._step.value(context)
         if self._direction == AnimationDirection.Decrease or (
             self._direction == AnimationDirection.Bounce and self._reversed
         ):
-            self._current -= self._step.value
+            self._current -= self._step.value(context)
             if self._range_start_inclusive:
-                if self._current < self._range_start.value:
+                if self._current < self._range_start.value(context):
-                    self._current = self._range_end.value
+                    self._current = self._range_end.value(context)
                     if self._direction == AnimationDirection.Bounce:
                         self._reversed = False
                     if not self._range_end_inclusive:
-                        self._current -= self._step.value
+                        self._current -= self._step.value(context)
             else:
-                if self._current <= self._range_start.value:
+                if self._current <= self._range_start.value(context):
-                    self._current = self._range_end.value
+                    self._current = self._range_end.value(context)
                     if self._direction == AnimationDirection.Bounce:
                         self._reversed = False
                     if not self._range_end_inclusive:
-                        self._current -= self._step.value
+                        self._current -= self._step.value(context)
         return self.value
 
     @property
@@ -1851,7 +2255,7 @@ class ContextGraph:
 
     def __iter__(self): return self
 
-    def __next__(self) -> tuple[
+    def step(self, context: "Context") -> tuple[
         int | float,
         int | float,
         int | float,
@@ -1903,15 +2307,15 @@ class ContextGraph:
     def color_space(self) -> ColorSpace:
         if isinstance(self._color_red, ContextFunction):
             return ColorSpace.RGB
-        elif isinstance(self._color_green, ContextFunction):
+        elif isinstance(self._color_green, ContextFunctionCallable):
             return ColorSpace.RGB
-        elif isinstance(self._color_blue, ContextFunction):
+        elif isinstance(self._color_blue, ContextFunctionCallable):
             return ColorSpace.RGB
-        elif isinstance(self._color_hue, ContextFunction):
+        elif isinstance(self._color_hue, ContextFunctionCallable):
             return ColorSpace.HSL
-        elif isinstance(self._color_saturation, ContextFunction):
+        elif isinstance(self._color_saturation, ContextFunctionCallable):
             return ColorSpace.HSL
-        elif isinstance(self._color_luminosity, ContextFunction):
+        elif isinstance(self._color_luminosity, ContextFunctionCallable):
             return ColorSpace.HSL
         else:
             return ColorSpace.Grey
@@ -1969,6 +2373,7 @@ funcs_1 = {
 class Context:
 
     _constants: dict[str, int | float]
+    _functions: dict[str, ContextFunctionCallable]
     _animations: dict[str, ContextAnimation]
     _graphs: list[ContextGraph]
 
@@ -1976,18 +2381,195 @@ class Context:
         for anim in self._animations.values():
             next(anim)
 
-    def lookup(self, value: str) -> int | float:
+    def lookup_var(self, variable: ContextVariable) -> int | float:
-        return self._constants[value]
+        if variable.name not in self._constants:
+            raise UndefinedVariableIdentifierRuntime(
+                variable.name, variable.file_info)
+        return self._constants[variable.name]
 
-    def call(self, value: str, args: list[ContextExpression]) -> int | float:
+    def lookup_func(self, function: ContextFunctionCall) -> ContextFunctionCallable:
-        if value in funcs_1 and len(args) == 1:
+        if function.identifier not in self._functions:
-            return funcs_1[value](args[0].value)
+            raise UndefinedFunctionIdentifierRuntime(
-        raise KeyError
+                function.identifier, function.file_info)
+        return self._functions[function.identifier]
+
+
+def _simplify_expression(
+        expression: Expression,
+        constants: dict[str, ContextLiteral],
+        functions: dict[str, ContextFunctionCallable],
+        constant: bool = False,
+    ) -> ContextExpression:
+        if isinstance(expression, LiteralExpression):
+            if isinstance(expression.value, (Punctuation, Identifier)):
+                if expression.value.value in ['π',]:
+                    return ContextLiteral(
+                        expression.file_info, expression.value.value)
+                elif expression.value.value in constants:
+                    return constants[expression.value.value]
+                elif constant:
+                    raise UndefinedVariableIdentifier(
+                        expression.value.value,
+                        expression.file_info
+                    )
+                else:
+                    return ContextVariable(
+                        expression.file_info, expression.value.value)
+            else:
+                return ContextLiteral(
+                    expression.file_info, expression.value.value)
+        elif isinstance(expression, UnaryExpression):
+            value = _simplify_expression(
+                expression.expression, constants, functions, constant)
+            if isinstance(value, ContextLiteral):
+                value = float(value._value)
+                match expression.operator:
+                    case UnaryOperator.Negate:
+                        return ContextLiteral(
+                            expression.file_info, str(-value))
+                    case UnaryOperator.Factorial:
+                        return ContextLiteral(
+                            expression.file_info,
+                            str(math.factorial(math.floor(value))),
+                        )
+            else:
+                if constant:
+                    raise UnderDefinedConstantDefinition(
+                        value.file_info,
+                        expression.file_info,
+                    )
+                return ContextUnaryExpression(
+                    expression.file_info,
+                    value,
+                    expression.operator,
+                )
+        elif isinstance(expression, BinaryExpression):
+            value1 = _simplify_expression(
+                expression.expression1, constants, functions, constant)
+            value2 = _simplify_expression(
+                expression.expression2, constants, functions, constant)
+            if (
+                isinstance(value1, ContextLiteral) and
+                isinstance(value2, ContextLiteral)
+            ):
+                value1 = float(value1._value)
+                value2 = float(value2._value)
+                match expression.operator:
+                    case BinaryOperator.Exponential:
+                        return ContextLiteral(
+                            expression.file_info, str(value1 ** value2))
+                    case BinaryOperator.Subscript:
+                        raise SemanticError("ERROR", expression.file_info)
+                    case BinaryOperator.Division:
+                        if value2 == 0:
+                            raise DivideByZeroError(
+                                expression.expression2.file_info,
+                                expression.file_info,
+                            )
+                        return ContextLiteral(
+                            expression.file_info, str(value1 / value2))
+                    case BinaryOperator.Modulus:
+                        if value2 == 0:
+                            raise DivideByZeroError(
+                                expression.expression2.file_info,
+                                expression.file_info,
+                            )
+                        return ContextLiteral(
+                            expression.file_info, str(value1 % value2))
+                    case BinaryOperator.Multiplication:
+                        return ContextLiteral(
+                            expression.file_info, str(value1 * value2))
+                    case BinaryOperator.Subtraction:
+                        return ContextLiteral(
+                            expression.file_info, str(value1 - value2))
+                    case BinaryOperator.Addition:
+                        return ContextLiteral(
+                            expression.file_info, str(value1 + value2))
+            elif constant and not isinstance(value1, ContextLiteral):
+                raise UnderDefinedConstantDefinition(
+                    value1.file_info,
+                    expression.file_info,
+                )
+            elif constant and not isinstance(value2, ContextLiteral):
+                raise UnderDefinedConstantDefinition(
+                    value2.file_info,
+                    expression.file_info,
+                )
+            else:
+                return ContextBinaryExpression(
+                    expression.file_info,
+                    value1,
+                    value2,
+                    expression.operator,
+                )
+        elif isinstance(expression, FunctionCall):
+            args = [_simplify_expression(a, constants, functions, constant)
+                for a in expression.arguments]
+            if expression.identifier.value not in functions:
+                raise UndefinedFunctionIdentifier(
+                    expression.identifier.value,
+                    expression.identifier.file_info,
+                )
+            func = functions[expression.identifier.value]
+            if len(args) > func.parameters:
+                raise ParameterCountError(
+                    expression.identifier.value,
+                    func.parameters,
+                    len(args),
+                    expression.arguments[func.parameters].file_info,
+                    expression.file_info,
+                )
+            elif len(args) < func.parameters:
+                raise ParameterCountError(
+                    expression.identifier.value,
+                    func.parameters,
+                    len(args),
+                    expression.identifier.file_info,
+                    expression.file_info,
+                )
+            else:
+                if all(isinstance(a, ContextLiteral) for a in args):
+                    args = [a._value for a in args] # type: ignore
+                    bad_arg, domain = func.check_domain(args)
+                    if bad_arg > 0:
+                        raise FunctionDomainError(
+                            args[bad_arg],
+                            domain,
+                            expression.arguments[bad_arg].file_info,
+                            expression.file_info,
+                        )
+                    return ContextLiteral(
+                        expression.file_info, str(func(*args)))
+                elif constant:
+                    bad_arg = [isinstance(a, ContextLiteral) for a in args]\
+                        .index(False)
+                    raise UnderDefinedConstantDefinition(
+                        expression.arguments[bad_arg].file_info,
+                        expression.file_info,
+                    )
+                else:
+                    return ContextFunctionCall(
+                        expression.file_info,
+                        expression.identifier.value,
+                        expression.identifier.file_info,
+                        args,
+                    )
+        else: raise SemanticError("Expression Error", expression.file_info)
 
 
 def semantics_analyzer(file: File) -> Context:
     screen: Screen | None = None
-    constraints: dict[str, int | float] = {}
+    constants: dict[str, ContextLiteral] = {}
+    functions: dict[str, ContextFunctionCallable] = {
+        "sin": ContextFunctionCallable(1, math.sin),
+        "asin": ContextFunctionCallable(1, math.asin),
+        "cos": ContextFunctionCallable(1, math.cos),
+        "acos": ContextFunctionCallable(1, math.acos),
+        "tan": ContextFunctionCallable(1, math.tan),
+        "atan": ContextFunctionCallable(1, math.atan),
+        "ln": ContextFunctionCallable(1, math.log),
+        "log": ContextFunctionCallable(1, math.log10),
+    }
     animations: dict[str, ContextAnimation] = {}
     graphs: list[ContextGraph] = []
     for child in file.children:
@@ -1996,7 +2578,15 @@ def semantics_analyzer(file: File) -> Context:
                 raise DuplicateScreen(child.file_info)
             screen = child
         elif isinstance(child, Constant):
-            pass
+            value = _simplify_expression(
+                child.expression,
+                constants,
+                functions,
+                True,
+            )
+            if not isinstance(value, ContextLiteral):
+                raise UnderDefinedConstantDefinition(child.file_info, None)
+            constants[child.identifier.value] = value
         elif isinstance(child, Animation):
             pass
         elif isinstance(child, Graph):