---
Title: C Complete Operator Reference
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---

## Appendix C: Complete Operator Reference

This appendix provides a complete alphabetical reference of all operators in the language.

### Operator List

`!=`, `%`, `*`, `+`, `-`, `/`, `<`, `<=`, `==`, `>`, `>=`, `^`, `abs`, `acos`, `asin`, `assert`, `at`, `atan`, `atan2`, `bitand`, `bitnot`, `bitor`, `bitxor`, `break`, `ceil`, `concat`, `continue`, `cos`, `depth`, `drop`, `dup`, `each`, `ends_with`, `enum`, `enumerate`, `eval`, `filter`, `find`, `floor`, `foldl`, `foldr`, `for`, `format`, `get`, `if`, `impl`, `implements`, `inher`, `lambda`, `length`, `ln`, `log`, `logb`, `map`, `match`, `max`, `mean`, `min`, `not`, `or`, `over`, `pick`, `rand`, `reduce`, `replace`, `reverse`, `roll`, `rot`, `round`, `seed`, `set`, `shl`, `shr`, `sin`, `slice`, `split`, `sqrt`, `starts_with`, `struct`, `substr`, `sum`, `swap`, `tan`, `trait`, `transpose`, `trim`, `type_of`, `union`, `while`, `window`, `zip`

### Alphabetical Operator Reference

#### !=
**Operator Type**: Comparison  
**Signature**: `(Equatable Equatable -- bool)`  
**Trait**: Equatable  
**Description**: Test if two values are not equal.  
**Example**: `5 3 != // => true`  
**See Also**: ==, <, >  
**Section**: 4.3 (Comparison Operators)

#### %
**Operator Type**: Arithmetic  
**Signature**: `(Multiplyable Multiplyable -- Multiplyable)`  
**Trait**: Multiplyable  
**Description**: Remainder after division (modulo).  
**Example**: `17 5 % // => 2`  
**See Also**: /, *  
**Section**: 4.2 (Arithmetic Operators)

#### *
**Operator Type**: Arithmetic  
**Signature**: `(Multiplyable Multiplyable -- Multiplyable)`  
**Trait**: Multiplyable  
**Description**: Multiply two values.  
**Example**: `5 6 * // => 30`  
**See Also**: /, +, -  
**Section**: 4.2 (Arithmetic Operators)

#### +
**Operator Type**: Arithmetic  
**Signature**: `(Addable Addable -- Addable)`  
**Trait**: Addable  
**Description**: Add two values.  
**Example**: `3 4 + // => 7`  
**See Also**: -, *, /  
**Section**: 4.2 (Arithmetic Operators)

#### -
**Operator Type**: Arithmetic  
**Signature**: `(Addable Addable -- Addable)`  
**Trait**: Addable  
**Description**: Subtract second value from first.  
**Example**: `10 3 - // => 7`  
**See Also**: +, *, /  
**Section**: 4.2 (Arithmetic Operators)

#### /
**Operator Type**: Arithmetic  
**Signature**: `(Multiplyable Multiplyable -- Multiplyable)`  
**Trait**: Multiplyable  
**Description**: Divide first value by second.  
**Example**: `20 4 / // => 5`  
**See Also**: *, %, +  
**Section**: 4.2 (Arithmetic Operators)

#### <
**Operator Type**: Comparison  
**Signature**: `(Orderable Orderable -- bool)`  
**Trait**: Orderable  
**Description**: True if first value is less than second.  
**Example**: `3 5 < // => true`  
**See Also**: <=, >, >=  
**Section**: 4.3 (Comparison Operators)

#### <=
**Operator Type**: Comparison  
**Signature**: `(Orderable Orderable -- bool)`  
**Trait**: Orderable  
**Description**: True if first value is less than or equal to second.  
**Example**: `5 5 <= // => true`  
**See Also**: <, >, >=  
**Section**: 4.3 (Comparison Operators)

#### ==
**Operator Type**: Comparison  
**Signature**: `(Equatable Equatable -- bool)`  
**Trait**: Equatable  
**Description**: Test if two values are equal.  
**Example**: `5 5 == // => true`  
**See Also**: !=, <, >  
**Section**: 4.3 (Comparison Operators)

#### >
**Operator Type**: Comparison  
**Signature**: `(Orderable Orderable -- bool)`  
**Trait**: Orderable  
**Description**: True if first value is greater than second.  
**Example**: `5 3 > // => true`  
**See Also**: >=, <, <=  
**Section**: 4.3 (Comparison Operators)

#### >=
**Operator Type**: Comparison  
**Signature**: `(Orderable Orderable -- bool)`  
**Trait**: Orderable  
**Description**: True if first value is greater than or equal to second.  
**Example**: `5 5 >= // => true`  
**See Also**: >, <, <=  
**Section**: 4.3 (Comparison Operators)

#### ^
**Operator Type**: Arithmetic  
**Signature**: `(Exponentiable Exponentiable -- Exponentiable)`  
**Trait**: Exponentiable  
**Description**: Raise first value to power of second (exponentiation).  
**Example**: `2 8 ^ // => 256`  
**See Also**: log, ln, sqrt  
**Section**: 4.2 (Arithmetic Operators)

#### abs
**Operator Type**: Mathematical  
**Signature**: `(Math -- Math)`  
**Trait**: Math  
**Description**: Return absolute value of number.  
**Example**: `-42 abs // => 42`  
**See Also**: min, max  
**Section**: 4.2 (Arithmetic Operators)

#### acos
**Operator Type**: Mathematical  
**Signature**: `(Math -- Math)`  
**Trait**: Math  
**Description**: Calculate arc cosine in radians.  
**Example**: `1.0 acos // => 0.0`  
**See Also**: cos, asin, atan  
**Section**: 4.2 (Arithmetic Operators)

#### and
**Operator Type**: Logical  
**Signature**: `(Logical Logical -- Logical)`  
**Trait**: Logical  
**Description**: Logical AND - returns first if falsy, else second.  
**Example**: `true false and // => false`  
**See Also**: or, not  
**Section**: 4.4 (Logical Operators)

#### asin
**Operator Type**: Mathematical  
**Signature**: `(Math -- Math)`  
**Trait**: Math  
**Description**: Calculate arc sine in radians.  
**Example**: `1.0 asin // => ~1.5708`  
**See Also**: sin, acos, atan  
**Section**: 4.2 (Arithmetic Operators)

#### assert
**Operator Type**: Testing  
**Signature**: `(TokenString TokenString --)`  
**Description**: Evaluate expression and condition, halt if condition is false.  
**Example**: `{ 2 3 + } { 5 == } assert`  
**See Also**: type_of, implements  
**Section**: 11.3 (Testing and Assertions)

#### at
**Operator Type**: Container Access  
**Signature**: `(Selectable<T> Size -- T)`  
**Trait**: Selectable<T>  
**Description**: Access element at given index.  
**Example**: `[10 20 30] 1 at // => 20`  
**See Also**: slice, length  
**Section**: 7.4 (Arrays)

#### atan
**Operator Type**: Mathematical  
**Signature**: `(Math -- Math)`  
**Trait**: Math  
**Description**: Calculate arc tangent in radians.  
**Example**: `1.0 atan // => ~0.7854`  
**See Also**: tan, atan2, asin  
**Section**: 4.2 (Arithmetic Operators)

#### atan2
**Operator Type**: Mathematical  
**Signature**: `(Math Math -- Math)`  
**Trait**: Math  
**Description**: Two-argument arc tangent using signs to determine quadrant.  
**Example**: `1.0 1.0 atan2 // => ~0.7854`  
**See Also**: atan, tan  
**Section**: 4.2 (Arithmetic Operators)

#### bitand
**Operator Type**: Bitwise  
**Signature**: `(Bitwise Bitwise -- Bitwise)`  
**Trait**: Bitwise  
**Description**: Bitwise AND of two values.  
**Example**: `0xFF 0x0F bitand // => 0x0F`  
**See Also**: bitor, bitxor, bitnot  
**Section**: 4.5 (Bitwise Operators)

#### bitnot
**Operator Type**: Bitwise  
**Signature**: `(Bitwise -- Bitwise)`  
**Trait**: Bitwise  
**Description**: Bitwise NOT (complement) of value.  
**Example**: `0xFF bitnot // => (inverted bits)`  
**See Also**: bitand, bitor, bitxor  
**Section**: 4.5 (Bitwise Operators)

#### bitor
**Operator Type**: Bitwise  
**Signature**: `(Bitwise Bitwise -- Bitwise)`  
**Trait**: Bitwise  
**Description**: Bitwise OR of two values.  
**Example**: `0xF0 0x0F bitor // => 0xFF`  
**See Also**: bitand, bitxor, bitnot  
**Section**: 4.5 (Bitwise Operators)

#### bitxor
**Operator Type**: Bitwise  
**Signature**: `(Bitwise Bitwise -- Bitwise)`  
**Trait**: Bitwise  
**Description**: Bitwise XOR of two values.  
**Example**: `0xFF 0x0F bitxor // => 0xF0`  
**See Also**: bitand, bitor, bitnot  
**Section**: 4.5 (Bitwise Operators)

#### break
**Operator Type**: Control Flow  
**Signature**: `(--)`  
**Description**: Exit the current loop immediately.  
**Example**: `{ true } { condition { break } { } if } while`  
**See Also**: continue, while, for  
**Section**: 6.4 (Loop Control)

#### ceil
**Operator Type**: Mathematical  
**Signature**: `(Math -- Math)`  
**Trait**: Math  
**Description**: Round number up to nearest integer.  
**Example**: `3.14 ceil // => 4.0`  
**See Also**: floor, round  
**Section**: 4.2 (Arithmetic Operators)

#### concat
**Operator Type**: Container  
**Signature**: `(Concatenable Concatenable -- Concatenable)`  
**Trait**: Concatenable  
**Description**: Concatenate two containers or strings.  
**Example**: `[1 2 3] [4 5 6] concat // => [1 2 3 4 5 6]`  
**See Also**: slice, reverse  
**Section**: 7.4 (Arrays)

#### continue
**Operator Type**: Control Flow  
**Signature**: `(--)`  
**Description**: Skip to the next iteration of the current loop.  
**Example**: `1 10 { dup 2 % 0 == { continue } { print } if } for`  
**See Also**: break, while, for  
**Section**: 6.4 (Loop Control)

#### cos
**Operator Type**: Mathematical  
**Signature**: `(Math -- Math)`  
**Trait**: Math  
**Description**: Calculate cosine of angle in radians.  
**Example**: `0.0 cos // => 1.0`  
**See Also**: sin, tan, acos  
**Section**: 4.2 (Arithmetic Operators)

#### depth
**Operator Type**: Stack Manipulation  
**Signature**: `(-- Size)`  
**Trait**: Stackable  
**Description**: Push current stack depth onto the stack.  
**Example**: `1 2 3 depth // => 1 2 3 3`  
**See Also**: pick, roll  
**Section**: 4.1 (Stack Operations)

#### drop
**Operator Type**: Stack Manipulation  
**Signature**: `(Self --)`  
**Trait**: Stackable  
**Description**: Remove and discard the top item from the stack.  
**Example**: `5 10 drop // => 5`  
**See Also**: dup, swap  
**Section**: 4.1 (Stack Operations)

#### dup
**Operator Type**: Stack Manipulation  
**Signature**: `(Self -- Self Self)`  
**Trait**: Stackable  
**Description**: Duplicate the top item on the stack.  
**Example**: `5 dup // => 5 5`  
**See Also**: drop, over  
**Section**: 4.1 (Stack Operations)

#### each
**Operator Type**: Array Combinator  
**Signature**: `(ArrayOf<T> TokenString --)`  
**Description**: Apply function to each element (side effects).  
**Example**: `[1 2 3] { print } each`  
**See Also**: map, filter, reduce  
**Section**: 7.4 (Arrays)

#### ends_with
**Operator Type**: String  
**Signature**: `(String String -- bool)`  
**Trait**: String  
**Description**: Check if string ends with given suffix.  
**Example**: `"hello" "lo" ends_with // => true`  
**See Also**: starts_with, find  
**Section**: 11.5 (String Operations)

#### enum
**Operator Type**: Definition  
**Signature**: `(TokenString Identifier --)`  
**Trait**: Implementable  
**Description**: Define an enumeration type.  
**Example**: `{ Pending: Active: Complete: } ::Status enum`  
**See Also**: struct, union, trait  
**Section**: 7.3 (Enums)

#### enumerate
**Operator Type**: Array  
**Signature**: `(ArrayOf<T> -- ArrayOf<Pair<Size T>>)`  
**Description**: Add indices to array elements.  
**Example**: `["a" "b" "c"] enumerate // => [[0 "a"] [1 "b"] [2 "c"]]`  
**See Also**: zip, map  
**Section**: 7.4 (Arrays)

#### eval
**Operator Type**: Meta  
**Signature**: `(TokenString --)`  
**Trait**: Implementable  
**Description**: Parse and execute TokenString as code.  
**Example**: `"2 3 +" eval // => 5`  
**See Also**: lambda  
**Section**: 11.1 (Dynamic Code Evaluation)

#### filter
**Operator Type**: Array Combinator  
**Signature**: `(ArrayOf<T> TokenString -- ArrayOf<T>)`  
**Description**: Keep only elements matching predicate.  
**Example**: `[1 2 3 4 5] { 2 % 0 == } filter // => [2 4]`  
**See Also**: map, reduce, each  
**Section**: 7.4 (Arrays)

#### find
**Operator Type**: String  
**Signature**: `(String String -- Option<Size>)`  
**Trait**: String  
**Description**: Find position of substring.  
**Example**: `"hello world" "world" find // => Option::Some(6)`  
**See Also**: starts_with, ends_with  
**Section**: 11.5 (String Operations)

#### floor
**Operator Type**: Mathematical  
**Signature**: `(Math -- Math)`  
**Trait**: Math  
**Description**: Round number down to nearest integer.  
**Example**: `3.14 floor // => 3.0`  
**See Also**: ceil, round  
**Section**: 4.2 (Arithmetic Operators)

#### fn
**Operator Type**: Definition  
**Signature**: `(TypeTuple TokenString Identifier --)`  
**Trait**: Implementable  
**Description**: Define a function.  
**Example**: `(Number -- Number) { dup * } ::square fn`  
**See Also**: lambda, trait, impl  
**Section**: 5.2 (Defining Functions)

#### foldl
**Operator Type**: Array Combinator  
**Signature**: `(ArrayOf<T> U TokenString -- U)`  
**Description**: Left fold array with accumulator function.  
**Example**: `[1 2 3 4] 0 { + } foldl // => 10`  
**See Also**: foldr, reduce  
**Section**: 7.4 (Arrays)

#### foldr
**Operator Type**: Array Combinator  
**Signature**: `(ArrayOf<T> U TokenString -- U)`  
**Description**: Right fold array with accumulator function.  
**Example**: `[1 2 3 4] 0 { + } foldr // => 10`  
**See Also**: foldl, reduce  
**Section**: 7.4 (Arrays)

#### for
**Operator Type**: Control Flow  
**Signature**: `(Size Size TokenString --)`  
**Description**: Loop from start to end, pushing counter each iteration.  
**Example**: `1 10 { dup print } for`  
**See Also**: while, break, continue  
**Section**: 6.3 (For Loops)

#### format
**Operator Type**: String  
**Signature**: `(String Iterable<Stringifiable> -- String)`  
**Trait**: String  
**Description**: Format string with values, replacing placeholders.  
**Example**: `"x=%d, y=%d" [5 10] format // => "x=5, y=10"`  
**See Also**: to_str, concat  
**Section**: 11.5 (String Operations)

#### get
**Operator Type**: Struct Access  
**Signature**: `(Struct Identifier -- FieldValue)`  
**Description**: Get field value from struct (consumes struct and field identifier).  
**Example**: `point ::x get`  
**See Also**: set  
**Section**: 7.1 (Structs)

#### if
**Operator Type**: Control Flow  
**Signature**: `(bool TokenString TokenString --)`  
**Description**: Conditional execution - execute first block if true, second if false.  
**Example**: `x 0 > { "positive" print } { "negative" print } if`  
**See Also**: match, while  
**Section**: 6.1 (Conditionals)

#### impl
**Operator Type**: Definition  
**Signature**: `(Identifier TokenString Identifier --)`  
**Trait**: Implementable  
**Description**: Implement a trait for a type.  
**Example**: `::Addable { ... } ::Point impl`  
**See Also**: trait, inher  
**Section**: 9.3 (Implementing Traits)

#### implements
**Operator Type**: Reflection  
**Signature**: `(Self Identifier -- bool)`  
**Description**: Check if value's type implements a specific trait.  
**Example**: `42 ::Addable implements // => true`  
**See Also**: type_of, assert  
**Section**: 11.4 (Reflection)

#### inher
**Operator Type**: Definition  
**Signature**: `(ArrayOf<Identifier> Identifier --)`  
**Trait**: Implementable  
**Description**: Declare trait inheritance.  
**Example**: `[ ::Orderable ::Equatable ] ::Comparable inher`  
**See Also**: trait, impl  
**Section**: 9.4 (Trait Inheritance)

#### lambda
**Operator Type**: Meta  
**Signature**: `(TokenString -- Callable)`  
**Trait**: Implementable  
**Description**: Convert TokenString to callable code block.  
**Example**: `{ dup * } lambda ::square swap`  
**See Also**: eval, fn  
**Section**: 5.6 (Lambda Functions)

#### length
**Operator Type**: Container  
**Signature**: `(Sized -- i64)`  
**Trait**: Sized  
**Description**: Get the number of elements in a container.  
**Example**: `[1 2 3 4 5] length // => 5`  
**See Also**: at, slice  
**Section**: 7.4 (Arrays)

#### ln
**Operator Type**: Arithmetic  
**Signature**: `(Logarithmic -- Logarithmic)`  
**Trait**: Logarithmic  
**Description**: Natural logarithm (base e).  
**Example**: `2.718 ln // => 1.0`  
**See Also**: log, logb, ^  
**Section**: 4.2 (Arithmetic Operators)

#### log
**Operator Type**: Arithmetic  
**Signature**: `(Logarithmic -- Logarithmic)`  
**Trait**: Logarithmic  
**Description**: Logarithm base 10.  
**Example**: `100 log // => 2.0`  
**See Also**: ln, logb, ^  
**Section**: 4.2 (Arithmetic Operators)

#### logb
**Operator Type**: Arithmetic  
**Signature**: `(Logarithmic Logarithmic -- Logarithmic)`  
**Trait**: Logarithmic  
**Description**: Logarithm with custom base.  
**Example**: `8 2 logb // => 3.0`  
**See Also**: log, ln, ^  
**Section**: 4.2 (Arithmetic Operators)

#### map
**Operator Type**: Array Combinator  
**Signature**: `(ArrayOf<T> TokenString -- ArrayOf<U>)`  
**Description**: Transform each element with function.  
**Example**: `[1 2 3 4] { 2 * } map // => [2 4 6 8]`  
**See Also**: filter, reduce, each  
**Section**: 7.4 (Arrays)

#### match
**Operator Type**: Control Flow  
**Signature**: `(Value TokenString --)`  
**Description**: Pattern match value against multiple patterns.  
**Example**: `opt { Some(x) => { x print } None => { "Nothing" print } } match`  
**See Also**: if  
**Section**: 6.5 (Pattern Matching)

#### max
**Operator Type**: Mathematical  
**Signature**: `(Math Math -- Math)`  
**Trait**: Math  
**Description**: Return the maximum of two values.  
**Example**: `3 5 max // => 5`  
**See Also**: min, abs  
**Section**: 4.2 (Arithmetic Operators)

#### mean
**Operator Type**: Array  
**Signature**: `(ArrayOf<Number> -- f64)`  
**Description**: Calculate average of numeric array elements.  
**Example**: `[1 2 3 4 5] mean // => 3.0`  
**See Also**: sum, reduce  
**Section**: 7.4 (Arrays)

#### min
**Operator Type**: Mathematical  
**Signature**: `(Math Math -- Math)`  
**Trait**: Math  
**Description**: Return the minimum of two values.  
**Example**: `3 5 min // => 3`  
**See Also**: max, abs  
**Section**: 4.2 (Arithmetic Operators)

#### not
**Operator Type**: Logical  
**Signature**: `(Logical -- Logical)`  
**Trait**: Logical  
**Description**: Logical NOT - inverts truthiness.  
**Example**: `false not // => true`  
**See Also**: and, or  
**Section**: 4.4 (Logical Operators)

#### or
**Operator Type**: Logical  
**Signature**: `(Logical Logical -- Logical)`  
**Trait**: Logical  
**Description**: Logical OR - returns first if truthy, else second.  
**Example**: `true false or // => true`  
**See Also**: and, not  
**Section**: 4.4 (Logical Operators)

#### over
**Operator Type**: Stack Manipulation  
**Signature**: `(Self Self -- Self Self Self)`  
**Trait**: Stackable  
**Description**: Copy the second item to the top of the stack.  
**Example**: `5 10 over // => 5 10 5`  
**See Also**: dup, swap, rot  
**Section**: 4.1 (Stack Operations)

#### pick
**Operator Type**: Stack Manipulation  
**Signature**: `(Size -- Self)`  
**Trait**: Stackable  
**Description**: Copy nth item to top (0 = top, 1 = second, etc.).  
**Example**: `1 2 3 4 2 pick // => 1 2 3 4 2`  
**See Also**: roll, depth  
**Section**: 4.1 (Stack Operations)

#### rand
**Operator Type**: Randomness  
**Signature**: `(-- f64)`  
**Description**: Generate random f64 in range [0.0, 1.0).  
**Example**: `rand // => 0.7234...`  
**See Also**: seed  
**Section**: 4.6 (Randomness)

#### reduce
**Operator Type**: Array Combinator  
**Signature**: `(ArrayOf<T> T TokenString -- T)`  
**Description**: Fold array with accumulator function.  
**Example**: `[1 2 3 4] 0 { + } reduce // => 10`  
**See Also**: map, filter, foldl  
**Section**: 7.4 (Arrays)

#### replace
**Operator Type**: String  
**Signature**: `(String String String -- String)`  
**Trait**: String  
**Description**: Replace all occurrences of substring with replacement.  
**Example**: `"hello world" "world" "Stack" replace // => "hello Stack"`  
**See Also**: split, concat  
**Section**: 11.5 (String Operations)

#### reverse
**Operator Type**: Array  
**Signature**: `(ArrayOf<T> -- ArrayOf<T>)`  
**Description**: Reverse order of array elements.  
**Example**: `[1 2 3] reverse // => [3 2 1]`  
**See Also**: transpose, concat  
**Section**: 7.4 (Arrays)

#### roll
**Operator Type**: Stack Manipulation  
**Signature**: `(Size Size --)`  
**Trait**: Stackable  
**Description**: Rotate n items, times times.  
**Example**: `1 2 3 4 3 1 roll // => 1 3 4 2`  
**See Also**: rot, pick  
**Section**: 4.1 (Stack Operations)

#### rot
**Operator Type**: Stack Manipulation  
**Signature**: `(Self Self Self -- Self Self Self)`  
**Trait**: Stackable  
**Description**: Rotate the top three items.  
**Example**: `1 2 3 rot // => 2 3 1`  
**See Also**: swap, roll  
**Section**: 4.1 (Stack Operations)

#### round
**Operator Type**: Mathematical  
**Signature**: `(Math -- Math)`  
**Trait**: Math  
**Description**: Round number to nearest integer.  
**Example**: `3.7 round // => 4.0`  
**See Also**: floor, ceil  
**Section**: 4.2 (Arithmetic Operators)

#### seed
**Operator Type**: Randomness  
**Signature**: `(u64 --)`  
**Description**: Seed the random number generator with specific value.  
**Example**: `12345 seed`  
**See Also**: rand  
**Section**: 4.6 (Randomness)

#### set
**Operator Type**: Struct Access  
**Signature**: `(Value Identifier -- Struct)`  
**Description**: Set field value in struct (consumes value and field identifier).  
**Example**: `15.0 ::x set`  
**See Also**: get  
**Section**: 7.1 (Structs)

#### shl
**Operator Type**: Bitwise  
**Signature**: `(Bitwise Size -- Bitwise)`  
**Trait**: Bitwise  
**Description**: Shift bits left by n positions.  
**Example**: `4 2 shl // => 16`  
**See Also**: shr, bitand, bitor  
**Section**: 4.5 (Bitwise Operators)

#### shr
**Operator Type**: Bitwise  
**Signature**: `(Bitwise Size -- Bitwise)`  
**Trait**: Bitwise  
**Description**: Shift bits right by n positions.  
**Example**: `16 2 shr // => 4`  
**See Also**: shl, bitand, bitor  
**Section**: 4.5 (Bitwise Operators)

#### sin
**Operator Type**: Mathematical  
**Signature**: `(Math -- Math)`  
**Trait**: Math  
**Description**: Calculate sine of angle in radians.  
**Example**: `0.0 sin // => 0.0`  
**See Also**: cos, tan, asin  
**Section**: 4.2 (Arithmetic Operators)

#### slice
**Operator Type**: Container  
**Signature**: `(Sliceable Size Size -- Sliceable)`  
**Trait**: Sliceable  
**Description**: Extract elements from start to end index.  
**Example**: `[10 20 30 40] 1 3 slice // => [20 30]`  
**See Also**: at, length  
**Section**: 7.4 (Arrays)

#### split
**Operator Type**: String  
**Signature**: `(String String -- ArrayOf<String>)`  
**Trait**: String  
**Description**: Split string by delimiter.  
**Example**: `"a,b,c" "," split // => ["a" "b" "c"]`  
**See Also**: join, substr  
**Section**: 11.5 (String Operations)

#### sqrt
**Operator Type**: Mathematical  
**Signature**: `(Math -- Math)`  
**Trait**: Math  
**Description**: Calculate square root.  
**Example**: `16 sqrt // => 4.0`  
**See Also**: ^  
**Section**: 4.2 (Arithmetic Operators)

#### starts_with
**Operator Type**: String  
**Signature**: `(String String -- bool)`  
**Trait**: String  
**Description**: Check if string starts with given prefix.  
**Example**: `"hello" "hel" starts_with // => true`  
**See Also**: ends_with, find  
**Section**: 11.5 (String Operations)

#### struct
**Operator Type**: Definition  
**Signature**: `(TypeTuple TokenString Identifier --)`  
**Trait**: Implementable  
**Description**: Define a struct type.  
**Example**: `(T T --) { x: y: } ::Point<T> struct`  
**See Also**: union, enum, get, set  
**Section**: 7.1 (Structs)

#### substr
**Operator Type**: String  
**Signature**: `(String Size Size -- String)`  
**Trait**: String  
**Description**: Extract substring from start to end index.  
**Example**: `"hello" 1 3 substr // => "el"`  
**See Also**: slice, split  
**Section**: 11.5 (String Operations)

#### sum
**Operator Type**: Array  
**Signature**: `(ArrayOf<Number> -- Number)`  
**Description**: Sum all numeric elements in array.  
**Example**: `[1 2 3 4 5] sum // => 15`  
**See Also**: mean, reduce  
**Section**: 7.4 (Arrays)

#### swap
**Operator Type**: Stack Manipulation  
**Signature**: `(Self Self -- Self Self)`  
**Trait**: Stackable  
**Description**: Swap the top two items on the stack.  
**Example**: `5 10 swap // => 10 5`  
**See Also**: dup, rot  
**Section**: 4.1 (Stack Operations)

#### tan
**Operator Type**: Mathematical  
**Signature**: `(Math -- Math)`  
**Trait**: Math  
**Description**: Calculate tangent of angle in radians.  
**Example**: `0.0 tan // => 0.0`  
**See Also**: sin, cos, atan  
**Section**: 4.2 (Arithmetic Operators)

#### trait
**Operator Type**: Definition  
**Signature**: `(TokenString Identifier --)`  
**Trait**: Implementable  
**Description**: Define a new trait.  
**Example**: `{ (Self -- ) draw: } ::Drawable trait`  
**See Also**: impl, inher  
**Section**: 9.2 (Defining Traits)

#### transpose
**Operator Type**: Array  
**Signature**: `(ArrayOf<ArrayOf<T>> -- ArrayOf<ArrayOf<T>>)`  
**Description**: Transpose a 2D array (swap rows and columns).  
**Example**: `[[1 2] [3 4]] transpose // => [[1 3] [2 4]]`  
**See Also**: reverse  
**Section**: 7.4 (Arrays)

#### trim
**Operator Type**: String  
**Signature**: `(String -- String)`  
**Trait**: String  
**Description**: Remove leading and trailing whitespace.  
**Example**: `"  hello  " trim // => "hello"`  
**See Also**: split, replace  
**Section**: 11.5 (String Operations)

#### type_of
**Operator Type**: Reflection  
**Signature**: `(Self -- Identifier)`  
**Description**: Return the type of a value as an identifier literal.  
**Example**: `42 type_of // => ::i64`  
**See Also**: implements, assert  
**Section**: 11.4 (Reflection)

#### union
**Operator Type**: Definition  
**Signature**: `(TypeTuple TokenString Identifier --)`  
**Trait**: Implementable  
**Description**: Define a union type with tagged variants.  
**Example**: `(T --) { Some(T) None } ::Option<T> union`  
**See Also**: struct, enum, match  
**Section**: 7.2 (Unions)

#### while
**Operator Type**: Control Flow  
**Signature**: `(TokenString TokenString --)`  
**Description**: Loop while condition is truthy, executing body each iteration.  
**Example**: `{ dup 10 < } { dup print 1 + } while`  
**See Also**: for, break, continue, if  
**Section**: 6.2 (While Loops)

#### window
**Operator Type**: Array  
**Signature**: `(ArrayOf<T> Size -- ArrayOf<ArrayOf<T>>)`  
**Description**: Create sliding windows of given size.  
**Example**: `[1 2 3 4] 2 window // => [[1 2] [2 3] [3 4]]`  
**See Also**: slice  
**Section**: 7.4 (Arrays)

#### zip
**Operator Type**: Array  
**Signature**: `(ArrayOf<T> ArrayOf<U> -- ArrayOf<Pair<T U>>)`  
**Description**: Combine two arrays element-wise into pairs.  
**Example**: `[1 2 3] [4 5 6] zip // => [[1 4] [2 5] [3 6]]`  
**See Also**: enumerate, map  
**Section**: 7.4 (Arrays)

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